Why did a united Italy make sense to those who favored unification?
What were the obstacles in the way of Italian unification, and why might these obstacles make unification difficult?
What steps did the Italian leaders take to unify, or ignite nationalist feelings, in the people?
What military steps were taken in order to free Italian people from oppressive rule?
What nationalist groups were formed and created in order to strengthen the unification movement?
What challenges did a united Italy face when they finally were brought together as a nation-state?
What role did Napoleon play in the Unification of Italy?
Explain the viewpoint of the liberals and the conservatives with regards to Italian Unification.
*9. How does Nationalism unify the people of the Italian States? (You may see this questions again as an essay)
1.)To nationalists a unitied italy made sense because of the geography, common language and history, practical economic sense, and it would end trade barriers among the Italian states and stimulate industry. Also nationalists reminded Italians of the glories of ancient Rome and the medieval papacy.
2.)Some problems in the way for italian unification was that much territory inhabited by Italians was under control of foreign powers, especially Austria. There were three major obstacles to unity at the time the congress took place, like (1) the Austrian occupation of Lombardy and Venice in the north, (2) the principality under the sovereignty of the pope, and, (3) the existence of various states that had maintained independence, such as the Kingdom of Sardinia.
3.)Italian leaders took many steps to unify Italy. The first step was Young Italy which was organized by Giuseppe Mazzini. It was a secret society and its goal was to constitute Italy, one, free, independent, republican nation. Which means they tried to unify Italy. Young Italy didn't make much progress when the French destroyed it soon after in 1849. The second step was the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont, which emerged as a supporter of uniting Italy under King Victor Emmanuel II and a great diplomat named Camillo Benso di Cavour. Cavour led Sardinia-Piedmont and other northern Italian states in a rebellion against Austrian domination, forcing the Austrian Empire to recognize their independence. Most of the northern Italian states were free from Austrian dominance after the revolution. The last step to unifying Italy was getting other states to join. Under Cavour's guidance, Lombardy, Naples, Sicily, and many other duchies elected to annex themselves to Sardinia-Piedmont in 1860 under the rule of Victor Emmanuel II. Who proclaimed the creation of a unified Italy the following year with a constitution and him being head of state.
4.)Both Giuseppe Garibaldi and Giuseppe Mazzini wanted to create an Italian Republic. By 1860, Garibaldi recruited 1,000 red-shirted volenteers. Camillo Cavour provided them weapons and two ships to take them south to Sicily where they tried to take back control of it. They won it back and marched triumphantly to Naples.
5.)A nationalist group created was Young Italy, which was created by Giuseppe Mazzini. Young Italy was a secret society that wanted to turn Italy into an independent and republican nation.
6.)There were many challenges that Italy faced as a new nation. One of them was that Northern Italy was wealthier than Southern Italy and had more cities as well. Back then, Southern Italy was kind of like the U.S. during The Industrial Revolution. Also there were problems between Italy and The Roman Catholic Church. It divided the nation even more than it was because the Popes hated the take over of Rome by the new italian government, more specific the Vatican's territory. The newly made government gave a small amount of the Vatican's territory to the Papel States. The popes thought of themselves as prisoners because of all the unjust events happening, so they decided to tell almost all italians, that were catholic, to not follow the new government's rules as a sign of rebellion.
7.)Napoleans role in the unification of Italy was pretty important. He reorganized the states of Italy and introduced some ideas of the French Revolution like liberty, fraternity, and equality.The invasions of Napoleon had sparked dreams of national unity. And after the fall of Napoleons kingdom Italy got its shape as a United Kingdom.
8.)The liberals were probably very mad because liberalism means a theory in economics emphasizing individual freedom and Italian unification was about bringing all the states into one unified country. So they were probably one-hundred percent against Italian Unification.
9.) Nationalism unifies the people of the Italian states because nationalism means a strong feeling of pride and devotion to one's country. This means that people would want to unify the Italian states necause they ether have or want to have pride and devotion to their country. That would've helped unify the Italian states.
Italian Unification Essential Questions
*9. How does Nationalism unify the people of the Italian States? (You may see this questions again as an essay)
1.)To nationalists a unitied italy made sense because of the geography, common language and history, practical economic sense, and it would end trade barriers among the Italian states and stimulate industry. Also nationalists reminded Italians of the glories of ancient Rome and the medieval papacy.
2.)Some problems in the way for italian unification was that much territory inhabited by Italians was under control of foreign powers, especially Austria. There were three major obstacles to unity at the time the congress took place, like (1) the Austrian occupation of Lombardy and Venice in the north, (2) the principality under the sovereignty of the pope, and, (3) the existence of various states that had maintained independence, such as the Kingdom of Sardinia.
3.)Italian leaders took many steps to unify Italy. The first step was Young Italy which was organized by Giuseppe Mazzini. It was a secret society and its goal was to constitute Italy, one, free, independent, republican nation. Which means they tried to unify Italy. Young Italy didn't make much progress when the French destroyed it soon after in 1849. The second step was the Kingdom of Sardinia-Piedmont, which emerged as a supporter of uniting Italy under King Victor Emmanuel II and a great diplomat named Camillo Benso di Cavour. Cavour led Sardinia-Piedmont and other northern Italian states in a rebellion against Austrian domination, forcing the Austrian Empire to recognize their independence. Most of the northern Italian states were free from Austrian dominance after the revolution. The last step to unifying Italy was getting other states to join. Under Cavour's guidance, Lombardy, Naples, Sicily, and many other duchies elected to annex themselves to Sardinia-Piedmont in 1860 under the rule of Victor Emmanuel II. Who proclaimed the creation of a unified Italy the following year with a constitution and him being head of state.
4.)Both Giuseppe Garibaldi and Giuseppe Mazzini wanted to create an Italian Republic. By 1860, Garibaldi recruited 1,000 red-shirted volenteers. Camillo Cavour provided them weapons and two ships to take them south to Sicily where they tried to take back control of it. They won it back and marched triumphantly to Naples.
5.)A nationalist group created was Young Italy, which was created by Giuseppe Mazzini. Young Italy was a secret society that wanted to turn Italy into an independent and republican nation.
6.)There were many challenges that Italy faced as a new nation. One of them was that Northern Italy was wealthier than Southern Italy and had more cities as well. Back then, Southern Italy was kind of like the U.S. during The Industrial Revolution. Also there were problems between Italy and The Roman Catholic Church. It divided the nation even more than it was because the Popes hated the take over of Rome by the new italian government, more specific the Vatican's territory. The newly made government gave a small amount of the Vatican's territory to the Papel States. The popes thought of themselves as prisoners because of all the unjust events happening, so they decided to tell almost all italians, that were catholic, to not follow the new government's rules as a sign of rebellion.
7.)Napoleans role in the unification of Italy was pretty important. He reorganized the states of Italy and introduced some ideas of the French Revolution like liberty, fraternity, and equality.The invasions of Napoleon had sparked dreams of national unity. And after the fall of Napoleons kingdom Italy got its shape as a United Kingdom.
8.)The liberals were probably very mad because liberalism means a theory in economics emphasizing individual freedom and Italian unification was about bringing all the states into one unified country. So they were probably one-hundred percent against Italian Unification.
9.) Nationalism unifies the people of the Italian states because nationalism means a strong feeling of pride and devotion to one's country. This means that people would want to unify the Italian states necause they ether have or want to have pride and devotion to their country. That would've helped unify the Italian states.